fix: handling of circular dependencies

[mohd-akram]

Fixes #163

In the integration CI, this fixes importing the svelte package.

It does not result in identical behavior to Node.js, but this is very much a corner case:

// Importing 'a' first will fail in Node.js (with or without the loader)
await import('./test/fixtures/circular-a.mjs')
await import('./test/fixtures/circular-b.mjs')

// If you try and ignore the error
try { await import('./test/fixtures/circular-a.mjs') } catch { }
// it affects the subsequent import of 'b', which will now fail
await import('./test/fixtures/circular-b.mjs')

// If 'b' is imported first, it succeeds (as in the test case)
await import('./test/fixtures/circular-b.mjs')
// If the import of 'a' is done after, it also succeeds with { foo: 1, bar: 2 }
// With this PR, we return { foo: 1, bar: undefined }
await import('./test/fixtures/circular-a.mjs')
// Given that importing 'a' directly is fragile, it's likely
// not imported directly in real-world scenarios but rather through 'b'