Component status reporting

[djaglowski]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
We should formalize the notion of component status, so that the state/health of each component in the collector may be understood independently.

Describe the solution you'd like
#6560 is a good starting point.

Beyond establishing a system for publishing and subscribing to component status, we should enumerate the possible states and define a finite state diagram that governs when components transition from one state to another.

[seankhliao]

I feel like reporting the resolved/hydrated config should also be part of the status it reports (for zpages / #5223)

[mwear]

I can work on this.