chore(exporthelper): add debug level logging for startup and shutdown

[briangardner]

Description

Adds debug level logging to Startup and Shutdown operations in the Base Exporter.

Link to tracking issue

Fixes #10201

Testing

Tests were added to assert the debug logs are emitted.

[linux-foundation-easycla]

The committers listed above are authorized under a signed CLA.

• ✅ login: briangardner / name: Brian Gardner (f11c11a)

[dmathieu]

If we want data for this, why logs? Traces would much better catch what's happening.

[briangardner]

If we want data for this, why logs? Traces would much better catch what's happening.

@dmathieu - If the exporter is failing to start, then it seems like logs are going to be easier to diagnose by looking at the agent logs on disk. Particularly for many of our customers who are not as familiar with OpenTelemetry.

Would you be opposed to leveraging both logs and traces?

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 84.61538% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 91.61%. Comparing base (a33fdf3) to head (f11c11a).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
exporter/exporterhelper/internal/base_exporter.go	84.61%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

❌ Your patch check has failed because the patch coverage (84.61%) is below the target coverage (95.00%). You can increase the patch coverage or adjust the target coverage.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #13271      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.57%   91.61%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         522      522              
  Lines       29089    29107      +18     
==========================================
+ Hits        26639    26666      +27     
+ Misses       1933     1925       -8     
+ Partials      517      516       -1     

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