NPE in HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery for UPDATE HQL

[dforrest-es]

With 3.2.11, repository initialization fails with

Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "org.antlr.v4.runtime.ParserRuleContext.getParent()" because "ctx" is null
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.isSubquery(HqlQueryTransformer.java:105) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryTransformer.visitVariable(HqlQueryTransformer.java:362) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.HqlQueryRenderer.visitVariable(HqlQueryRenderer.java:1) ~[spring-data-jpa-3.2.11.jar:3.2.11]

Issue is very similar to #2977 but for update clauses:

update MyEntityStaging AS mes
set mes.col = 'test'
where mes.id = 1

Entity:

@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "MyEntity.updateCol", query = """
        update MyEntity AS mes
        set mes.col = 'test'
        where mes.id = 1
""")
class MyEntity {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
    private Long id;

    private String col;
}

Repository:

interface MyEntityRepository extends JpaRepository<MyEntity, Long> {
    @Modifying
    @Transactional
    void updateCol();
}

Reproducer:
demo.zip
Extract and run ./mvnw spring-boot:run to observe the exception.
In the pom.xml, change the spring-data-jpa.version from 3.2.11 to 3.2.10 and run again, now it works.

---

My investigation:

Specifically, this change causes HqlQueryTransformer#isSubquery(ParserRuleContext) to be run for update clauses & likely needs the same fix from #2977 applied for HqlParser.UpdateStatementContext (see commit 6b9d3e2)

Wrokaround:
Removing the AS from the table alias bypass this error.

[christophstrobl]

Thank you @dforrest-es for reporting and analysis.

[klauss42]

The issue is also reproducible when switching from Spring Boot 3.3.4 to 3.3.5. If using the following pom in the example project from above:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>demo</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

When switching back to 3.3.4 the app starts up properly.

In my application I encountered the same issue with a @query annotation:

@Transactional
  @Modifying
  @Query(
    """
      delete from ActivityDetailProjection a
        where a.activityDetailId.customerId= :customerId and a.activityDetailId.vendorId = :vendorId
    """
  )
  fun deleteByVendorId(
    customerId: String,
    vendorId: String,
  )